Kennedy (1883–1952), American dentist] A method of describing partially edentulous arches or partial dentures based on the location of the edentulous areas within the arch.
Why do we use Kennedy classification?
For planning a prosthesis, the partial edentulous arch needs to be classified to make them easier for diagnosing, planning, communicating and designing a denture. Kennedy’s classification is so far the easiest and widely used classification for partially edentulous arch.
Why a modification is not applicable in class IV Kennedy’s method of classification?
30. Rule 8: there can be no modification areas in class IV. Because any additional edentulous space will definitely be posterior to it and will determine the classification.
What determines the basic classification of edentulous arches?
The most posterior edentulous space determines the class of the arch for Classes I through IV. The length of the edentulous space, i.e. the number of missing teeth or the number of prosthetic teeth to be used on the denture, is not considered in the classification.
How many Applegate rules are there?
Applegate’s Rules: They are 8 rules to govern the application of the Kennedy system: Rule 1: Classification should follow rather than precede extractions that might alter the original classification. Rule 2: If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced it is not considered in the classification.
What is Ante’s law?
Ante’s law states that “the total periodontal membrane area of the abutment teeth must equal or exceed that of the teeth to be replaced.”1 For more than 80 years, this law has been taught in standard textbooks of prosthodontics as an important condition influencing FDP design.
What is RPI system?
1. Introduction Direct retainers Clasps I bar removable partial denture RPI. RPI stands for: R Rest P Plate (proximal) I I bar clasp.
Why is there no modification for Class IV partially edentulous areas?
19. Rule 7: The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of additional edentulous areas are noted. Rule 8: There can be no modification areas in class IV arches. Because any edentulous area lying posterior to the single bilateral area shall determine the classification.
What is a modification space in RPD?
+ most of the RPDs are tooth and tissue supported, hence this condition is classified as a separate group. Modification Spaces. – when a lone-standing, single-rooted abutment binds a modification space, it is better to splint it to the nearest tooth by means of a fixed partial denture.
What is minor connector?
A MINOR CONNECTOR is the connecting link between the major connector or base of a RPD and the other units of the prosthesis, such as clasps, indirect retainers, and occlusal rests.
What is the Kennedy classification of the partially edentulous mandibular arch?
As per Kennedy’s classification, there are four main types of partially edentulous arches as Class I, Class II, Class III and Class IV. Kennedy’s classification is widely accepted due to its advantages of immediate visualization and recognition of prosthesis support [2,3,10].
What are the classification of partial denture?
Class I: Bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Highest incidence in mandible. Class II: A unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Class III: A unilateral edentulous area bounded anteriorly and posteriorly by remaining teeth.
What is cantilever abutment?
With a traditional bridge, an artificial tooth is held in place on both sides by crowns on the adjacent teeth. A cantilever dental bridge, on the other hand, needs to be cemented to a crown only on one side. The tooth on the side of the artificial tooth is typically called the abutment tooth.
What is pier abutment?
Pier abutment, also named inter- mediate abutment, is defined by the Glossary. of Prosthodontic Terms as a natural tooth. located between terminal abutments that. serve to support a fixed or removable dental.
What are the components of RPD?
The four basic components involved in an RPD are the artificial teeth, the denture base, retainers, and connectors (Figure 3.17). Figure 3.17. A mandibular RPD was made to restore a Kennedy II defect dentition. Artificial teeth are used to replace missing teeth and restore their function.
What is direct retainer?
A direct retainer is any unit of a removable dental prosthesis that engages an abutment tooth or implant to resist displacement of the prosthesis away from basal seat tissue.
What is telescopic denture?
A telescopic denture is defined as “an overdenture which is a dental prosthesis that covers and is partially supported by natural teeth, natural tooth roots, and/or dental implants” [3]. The term telescopic denture refers to the type of prosthesis that includes double crowns as retainers or attachments.
What is Christensen phenomenon?
Quick Reference. [C. Christensen, Danish dentist and educator] A gap occurring in the natural dentition or between the opposing posterior flat occlusal rims when the mandible is protruded (posterior open bite). It can lead to instability in full dentures unless compensating curves are incorporated into the dentures.
What is bull rule dentistry?
An acronym for “Buccal of Upper, Lingual of Lower”. A method for adjusting occlusion described by Dr. Clyde H. Schuyler where the adjustment is made to the inclined planes of the upper buccal cusps and the lower lingual cusps in order to preserve the centric stops on the cusps which are normally in occlusion.
What is RPI and RPA?
The RPA clasp was developed to deal with the problems encountered with the use of the RPI clasp. The initials signify rest, proximal plate, and Akers clasp arm. The mesial rest and proximal plate are designed identically to those of the RPI clasp. The difference is in the retentive arm.
What is proximal plate?
Proximal plates extend from the proximal facial line angle of the tooth to, or slightly past, the proximal lingual line angle of the tooth. They are thin mesiodistally and taper slightly toward the occlusal (incisal). They extend from the occlusal/incisal of the tooth to the major connector.
Where do proximal plates go?
Prosthodontics | Rests &, Proximal Plates | NBDE Part II – YouTube
What is support RPD?
Each component part of an RPD will provide one or more of the following functions: Support: Resistance to movement of the prosthesis toward the edentulous ridge. Support is the means by which occlusal forces are transferred to the teeth and denture bearing tissues for dissipation (Fig. 3-2).
What is distal extension RPD?
Movements of a Distal Extension RPD Rotation of the prosthesis around a fulcrum line passing through the two principal occlusal rests of the direct retainer or through the points where the minor connectors adjacent to the edentulous area break contact with the tooth surface.
What is the fulcrum line?
Fulcrum line. An imaginary line around which a removable partial denture tends to rotate. Synonym: rotational axis.
What is a denture base?
DEFINITION. A denture base is that part of a denture which rests on the foundation areas and to which teeth are attached.
How do you draw an RPD?
Removable Partial Denture – Reviewing design and how to draw
Which term means to be without teeth?
edentulous • ee-DEN-chuh-luss • adjective. : having no teeth : toothless.
What is an occlusal rest?
An occlusal rest consists of two component parts-a horizontal portion and a vertical portion. The horizontal portion is that part which rests on the abutment tooth and transmits the forces of mastication to the tooth. The vertical com- ponent connects the horizontal part of the rest to the partial denture base.
What are the major connectors?
A major connector is the component of the partial denture that connects the parts of the prosthesis located on one side of the arch with those on the opposite side. It is that unit of the partial denture to which all other parts are directly or indirectly attached.
What is indirect retainer?
An indirect retainer consists of a minor connector and a rest, and helps to stabilize the distal extension RPD, indirectly (compared to direct retention with clasps), when the patient eats sticky foods.
What is edentulous span?
Edentulous Area. • Any posterior maxillary or mandibular span. that is greater than 3 missing teeth or. 2 molars.
What is altered cast technique?
The altered cast technique allows the ridge, recorded in functional form, to be related to the teeth so that when the prosthesis is seated, it derives support simultaneously from the teeth and the denture base.
What is the difference between a complete denture and an immediate denture?
A complete denture (D5110, D5120) requires all planned extractions to be complete and a period of healing to occur prior to fabrication of the denture. An immediate denture (D5130, D5140) is fabricated prior to extractions and inserted immediately following the extractions.
What are 3 indications for a removable prosthesis?
Indications for a Removable Partial Denture
As a temporary replacement for missing teeth in a child. To replace missing teeth for patients who do not want a fixed bridge or implants. For the patient who finds it easier to maintain good oral hygiene. To serve as a splint to support periodontally involved teeth.
What is the saddle in dentistry?
The saddle is the part of the denture that carries the artificial teeth over the edentulous area or saddle area. Saddles may be designed as mucosa-borne to transmit the occlusal load through the mucosa (Figure 3.3. 1) or tooth-borne, where occlusal rests transmit the load to the adjacent teeth (Figure 3.3. 2).
What is a telescopic crown?
The telescopic crown is defined as an artificial crown fabricated to fit over a coping (1). Telescopic crowns have been used mainly in removable dental prostheses (RDP) to connect the dentures to the remaining dentition (2, 3).
What is a Maryland bridge for teeth?
Regular Bridges. A Maryland bridge is a type of permanent dental restoration that can replace a missing tooth. The concept is similar to that of a typical dental bridge, in that a prosthetic tooth is attached to teeth on either side of the gap to create a seamless smile.
What are cantilevers in dentistry?
The Cleveland Clinic explains that a cantilever bridge is used when there is only one adjacent supporting tooth. According to a study in the Journal of Dentistry, cantilever bridges are typically made of ceramic and metal or entirely of ceramic material. They are often used to replace a missing front tooth.
What is difference between abutment and pier?
Pier are the internal supports of the bridge. Abutments are the ends supports of the bridge. Pier can use more than two in bridge construction.
What is Andrews bridge?
Andrews Bridge is a fixed-removable prosthesis that is one of the treatment modality indicated in patients with large ridge defects. The prosthesis successfully replaces the missing teeth along with complete closure of the defect, restoring speech and esthetics.
What is the difference between a pier and a column?
A column is a cylindrical vertical support that usually tapers towards the top in the manner of a tree trunk. … E.”) A pier is generally much larger than a column and is usually made of stone, brick, or concrete. Piers act as vertical supports for masonry constructions such as arcades.
How is an overdenture supported in the mouth?
An overdenture, as its name implies, is designed to go over a supporting structure. This could be natural teeth, but more often dental implants are used. In the upper jaw, the supporting structure for an overdenture is generally a metal frame anchored by three or more implants.
What is height of contour on teeth?
The height of contour (crest of curvature) is the greatest amount of a curve, or greatest convexity or bulge, farthest from the root axis line. The height of contour on the facial or lingual surfaces of the crown is where this greatest bulge would be touched by a tangent line drawn parallel to the root axis line.
What is balanced occlusion?
Balanced Occlusion is defined as the bilateral, simultaneous, anterior, and posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric and eccentric positions. Balanced occlusion in complete dentures is unique, as it does not occur with natural teeth.